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	<title>Buttered Ham &#187; Learn Latin</title>
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	<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog</link>
	<description>The vaguely daily blatherations of Aaron Baugher, JF</description>
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		<title>Edumacatin&#8217;</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2010/11/17/edumacatin/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2010/11/17/edumacatin/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Nov 2010 14:33:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.butteredham.com/blog/?p=1957</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Well, it&#8217;s finally happened: I&#8217;m a teacher. Well, not officially; I don&#8217;t pay dues to a union or have tenure or anything. But I&#8217;m teaching Latin to a classroom of people, with real textbooks and everything. I never expected this. When I was a kid, if you&#8217;d asked me what I wanted to be when [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well, it&#8217;s finally happened: I&#8217;m a teacher.  Well, not <em>officially</em>; I don&#8217;t pay dues to a union or have tenure or anything.  But I&#8217;m teaching Latin to a classroom of people, with real textbooks and everything.<span id="more-1957"></span></p>
<div class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/csessums/"><img class=" " title="Classroom with desks" src="http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4054/4389122037_0baed2aede.jpg" alt="Classroom with desks" width="300" height="208" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Photo courtesy of csessums @ flickr</p></div>
<p>I never expected this.  When I was a kid, if you&#8217;d asked me what I wanted to be when I grew up, &#8216;teacher&#8217; would have been way down on the list, just above actor and professional clown.  I hated the idea of getting up in front of people and talking, and teachers do that <em>every day</em>! Besides, with the exception of my mom and a couple others, most teachers seemed to be unpleasant, bossy people who did pointless things like making you do long division over and over on paper when you&#8217;d already been doing it in your head for years.</p>
<p>Yet, here I am, making up a lesson plan for my next class.  And it turns out I like it.  I still get nervous before every class, worrying that I&#8217;m going to freeze up or forget something important.  Or that I&#8217;ll be unable to get something across to them, and they&#8217;ll all give up and stop coming.  The dread seems to be lessening a little with time, though.  Of course, I don&#8217;t have to put up with a lot of the bad things most teachers deal with.  All my students want to be there (or their parents want them to be), so no one is using my class as free day care.  I also don&#8217;t have an administration looking over my shoulder and tying me up with a bunch of regulations from every level of government.  So I realize I&#8217;m getting the good side of being a teacher without the bad of being an &#8216;educator.&#8217;</p>
<p>I&#8217;m learning a few things, too.  For one, a lot of the talk about class size is nonsense.  There are really only two different class sizes: singular and plural.  You&#8217;re either working one-on-one with a kid, so you can figure out exactly what he understands and what he needs help with, or you&#8217;re standing in front of a group and trying to go at a pace that has the majority of faces nodding instead of looking puzzled. My daytime class usually has 11 students, and I don&#8217;t think it would make much difference if there were 20 or 30.  We recite things like vocabulary and declensions together, so 30 people can do that as well as 10.  If I had them take turns answering things, then class size might matter because each student in a smaller class would get to answer more often; but I don&#8217;t do that because to me that seems like an obvious recipe for boredom. So the only difference for me in a bigger class would be that the more faces there are, the harder it would be to spot the kid who&#8217;s getting lost.  But that&#8217;s very possible with 10.  When people argue over class sizes in the 25-30 range, as if going from 25 to 30 is going to ruin someone&#8217;s education, it&#8217;s silly.  A sea of faces is a sea of faces.</p>
<p>Related to that, I&#8217;ve noticed it&#8217;s not nearly as hard as I thought it&#8217;d be to tell who&#8217;s getting it and who isn&#8217;t.  Students basically have three looks when you ask if they understand something:</p>
<ul>
<li>The relieved nod: The look that says, &#8220;Thank goodness, I&#8217;m still keeping up!&#8221;</li>
<li>The honestly puzzled frown or head-shake: This student doesn&#8217;t get it and wants you to know that, so you&#8217;ll explain it further.</li>
<li>The frozen head-tilt: This student doesn&#8217;t get it, but is afraid he should, so he&#8217;s trying not to commit one way or the other, while furiously trying to figure it out.  So he gets this frozen look, like he doesn&#8217;t want to look confused, but he doesn&#8217;t want to lie and nod either.</li>
</ul>
<p>The first two are no problem, because it&#8217;s obvious what they mean.  There will always be students who don&#8217;t get something the first time; that&#8217;s why you ask.  The third one is the dangerous one, because no one is <em>saying</em> &#8220;could you slow down and do that again?&#8221; so you have to judge by the faces.  If you ask the question in the negative, like, &#8220;Is anyone having trouble with that?&#8221; the lack of response could make you think they&#8217;re not, when really they just don&#8217;t want to say so.  So I&#8217;m learning to keep the question positive by asking if they get it; or make it impersonal, like, &#8220;Should we go over that some more?&#8221;  That way, no one has to speak up and feel like the dummy for <em>not</em> getting it. They can agree in the sense of, &#8220;Yes, you should probably repeat that in case <em>someone</em> hasn&#8217;t quite gotten it yet.&#8221;</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve also learned that a real teacher beats a video any day.  Since we have the video course, my original plan was to just play the video, and then answer questions and help them with the exercises afterwards.  I figured Kids These Days™ would pay more attention to a TV than to a real person.  I realized pretty quickly how wrong I was.  Watching them watch the video, I could see how easily they got bored and distracted or missed things.  I could keep pausing the video to explain and repeat things, but if I&#8217;m going to do that, I might as well do it all myself so they don&#8217;t have to switch their attention back and forth between two teachers.  They can still watch the video at home to review, since it covers the same stuff; but I&#8217;m doing all the classroom work, and that&#8217;s working much better.  They respond really well to flash cards and other interactive work that a recording just can&#8217;t do very well.</p>
<p>Having said all that, I&#8217;m still a long way from being good at this.  I need to get better at making sure they&#8217;re all participating, so the more enthusiastic ones don&#8217;t drown out the quiet ones.  I probably need to slow down sometimes, and keep in mind that it won&#8217;t hurt to spend some extra time on a topic even if they&#8217;ve all basically gotten it.  The course moves slowly enough that there&#8217;s no need to rush.  And I need to be better at keeping them focused on the subject, because even students who want to be there can get distracted and goof off now and then.</p>
<p>So far so good, though.  Now I&#8217;m thinking about offering my services to teach Latin at John Wood (the local community college).  That would be a different course and a very different pace, with its own challenges.  I&#8217;d be able to use my lessons that I already wrote up for my web site, though, and I might even get paid!</p>
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		<title>Teaching Isn&#8217;t So Bad After All</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2010/02/11/teaching-isnt-so-bad-after-all/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2010/02/11/teaching-isnt-so-bad-after-all/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Feb 2010 03:02:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[teaching]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.butteredham.com/blog/?p=1638</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Latin class has been pretty fun so far.  The class isn&#8217;t very big, but that&#8217;s probably not a bad thing.  We&#8217;ve only covered punctuation and the first lesson on the first declension, so it&#8217;s not too late for more people to get in on it if they want to. I&#8217;m surprised by how much I [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Latin class has been pretty fun so far.  The class isn&#8217;t very big, but that&#8217;s probably not a bad thing.  We&#8217;ve only covered punctuation and the first lesson on the first declension, so it&#8217;s not too late for more people to get in on it if they want to.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m surprised by how much I enjoy teaching.  It&#8217;s even got me thinking I might want to expand into teaching other skills, like programming or webmaster work.  I always thought I&#8217;d hate teaching because I hate getting up and talking in front of people.  I&#8217;m sure I <em>would</em> hate the lecture-hall kind of teaching, but this isn&#8217;t like that.  It&#8217;s more like a lab setting or a conversation, with a lot of feedback, so it doesn&#8217;t feel like giving a speech at all.  I&#8217;m still a little nervous about it, but that&#8217;s because these people are trusting me to know what the heck I&#8217;m doing, and I don&#8217;t want to let them down.  And I don&#8217;t have the subject down cold 100% myself, so that&#8217;s a bit nervous-making too.<span id="more-1638"></span></p>
<p>Whiteboards are really cool.  I scribble a lot of examples up there while I explain things, so I have to erase a lot to make room for the next thing.  Our whiteboard is probably 6&#8242; x 4&#8242; or so, and I probably cover it a few times during the course of a class.  Someday when I build my own office, at least one entire wall will be whiteboard, so I&#8217;ve got plenty of room to sketch things out.</p>
<p>Another surprise has been how easy it is to tell when someone &#8220;gets it.&#8221;  People just don&#8217;t stick their hands up and say, &#8220;Could you repeat that whole thing, because I didn&#8217;t get that at all.&#8221;  They generally look back and forth between the board and their book, or stare at the board looking slightly puzzled, trying to figure it out.  Then when they get it and it falls into place, their face kind of relaxes, and they might even nod a little.  So all I have to do is keep explaining things in different ways, trying to find a way that makes sense to them, until they&#8217;re all relaxed and nodding.  Simple, eh?</p>
<p>It occurred to me during the last class that learning a language (at least a heavily inflected one like Latin) is kind of like doing a jigsaw puzzle without the picture on the box.  You have to start with the corner pieces, then the edges, and continue working toward the middle.  Every piece gives you the foundation for the next piece.  Eventually the big picture comes into focus; but when you start, you don&#8217;t know whether the blue pieces are sky or water&#8212;you just know they go together, and you&#8217;ll see why later.</p>
<p>Learning Latin is like that: you don&#8217;t know <em>why</em> you have to learn this chart of endings or memorize two forms for each noun, but later it&#8217;ll make sense.  You have to start with one piece and get it right, without understanding how it will fit into the final picture.  Sometimes I pretty much have to say, &#8220;Just go with me on this, and I promise there&#8217;s a reason for it and it&#8217;ll make sense someday.&#8221;  I just have to keep them interested for a few more weeks until they can see some of those pieces fitting together.</p>
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		<title>Latin Class Moving to Tuesday</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2010/01/21/latin-class-moving-to-tuesday/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2010/01/21/latin-class-moving-to-tuesday/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Jan 2010 23:35:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[St. Rose]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.butteredham.com/blog/?p=1575</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Well, my first Latin class went well, what there was of it.  We had to cut the first class short at about a half hour, so we just got through some basic pronunciation stuff.  That seems to be what people are the most concerned about, which surprised me a little, because I don&#8217;t remember spending [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well, my first Latin class went well, what there was of it.  We had to cut the first class short at about a half hour, so we just got through some basic pronunciation stuff.  That seems to be what people are the most concerned about, which surprised me a little, because I don&#8217;t remember spending much time on that when I learned it.  I guess that makes sense: unlike the classroom, when you recite or sing in Church, you want to speak the words correctly right from the start even if you don&#8217;t know what they all mean yet.</p>
<p>So we&#8217;ll be continuing on pronunciation next week, and practicing by going through the prayers at the foot of the altar (the beginning of Mass) line by line, covering any tricky words.  I think the worst one is <em>cithara</em>, which is pronounced CHEE-tah-rah.  The word means harp, but to me it sounds like the name of the half-girl, half-cat heroine of an 80s Saturday morning cartoon.</p>
<p>Class is also moving to Tuesdays at 6:30pm.  As soon as I picked Monday, I found out some people couldn&#8217;t make it on Monday, which is about what I figured would happen.  So it&#8217;ll be Tuesday until further notice.  We&#8217;ll be reviewing last week&#8217;s material again, so if anyone was interested but thought they&#8217;d missed out, you&#8217;ve got one more chance to get in at the beginning!</p>
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		<title>Latin News</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/12/23/latin-news/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/12/23/latin-news/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2009 14:19:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.butteredham.com/blog/?p=1520</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Along with my blogging, I&#8217;ve taken a bit of a hiatus from my Latin lessons lately, but that&#8217;ll change after Christmas.  There&#8217;s just been too much going on between work and holidays, but I should be able to spend more time on these side projects soon. Anyway, it looks like I&#8217;m going to get a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Along with my blogging, I&#8217;ve taken a bit of a hiatus from my Latin lessons lately, but that&#8217;ll change after Christmas.  There&#8217;s just been too much going on between work and holidays, but I should be able to spend more time on these side projects soon.<span id="more-1520"></span></p>
<p>Anyway, it looks like I&#8217;m going to get a chance to teach Latin to real people in person.  We&#8217;re going to start a second, slower-paced Latin class at St. Rose, which will start over at the beginning, taking more time to go over some of the concepts people are having trouble with, and probably taking more time to review some English grammar that you really need to understand if you&#8217;re going to get Latin.  My vague plan is to go as slow as people need to, and make sure they get it, so I hope people will ask a lot of questions and stop me if I get to going too fast.  I&#8217;ve done some tutoring before, but I&#8217;ve never taught in a classroom setting, so it should be interesting.</p>
<p>The class should start soon after the first of the year.  If anyone is interested who hasn&#8217;t been to Father Devillers&#8217;s class before, please contact me, as we need to determine what night would be best for everyone&#8217;s schedule.  We&#8217;re probably looking at Monday or Tuesday, but I&#8217;d like to pick a time that&#8217;s best for everyone.  People are also welcome to attend both classes, if they like.  I certainly won&#8217;t mind if I&#8217;ve got students smart enough to correct me if I make mistakes!  The rectory has the textbooks, which I think are $10 or $15.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve also started putting the Latin Mass propers that I make up for Sundays and Holy Days on a side page here on my blog, free for anyone&#8217;s use.  Maybe I can save someone else the trouble of copying and pasting and proofreading that I&#8217;ve gone through for the past year.  We&#8217;re almost up to where Fr. D. started saving them last year, so I won&#8217;t have to do them most weeks, so I&#8217;ll have time to re-proof them and publish them online.</p>
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		<title>Latin Lesson #31: The Subjunctive</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/10/24/latin-lesson-31-the-subjunctive/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/10/24/latin-lesson-31-the-subjunctive/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:22:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hortatory subjunctive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[jussive subjunctive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[subjunctive mood]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.butteredham.com/blog/?p=1451</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve got a new Latin lesson up, starting on the subjunctive mood.  The subjunctive comes very early (lesson 15) in the Missal Latin book that we&#8217;re going through at church, compared to the Classical Latin books I&#8217;ve got (lesson 28 and 50), so I thought I&#8217;d better get to it myself.  We almost never use [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve got a new <a title="Latin Lesson #31: The Subjunctive Mood in the Present System" href="http://www.butteredham.com/learn-latin/latin/lesson_31" target="_blank">Latin lesson up, starting on the subjunctive mood</a>.  The subjunctive comes very early (lesson 15) in the Missal Latin book that we&#8217;re going through at church, compared to the Classical Latin books I&#8217;ve got (lesson 28 and 50), so I thought I&#8217;d better get to it myself.  We almost never use the subjunctive in English, but Latin uses it so much that it&#8217;s hard to find a long passage of text for exercises that doesn&#8217;t.</p>
<p>I remember the subjunctive being a tough one for our class in school, because the subjunctive is one area where there&#8217;s no simple translation in English.  Latin is very particular about separating things that have happened or will happen from things that might happen.  So you often can&#8217;t just translate the words literally anymore, but have to figure out what they meant and then find the best way to say that in English.  When you can translate the meaning of a sentence instead of the individual words, you&#8217;ve reached a different level.</p>
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		<title>Latin Lesson #30: Infinitives</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/10/08/latin-lesson-30-infinitives/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/10/08/latin-lesson-30-infinitives/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2009 21:16:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[infinitives]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.butteredham.com/blog/?p=1418</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This lesson has been up for a while, but I wanted to get things moved before I posted any new ones.  It&#8217;s on infinitives, so now we can translate, &#8220;to be or not to be.&#8221;]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This lesson has been up for a while, but I wanted to get things moved before I posted any new ones.  It&#8217;s on <a title="Latin Lesson #30: Infinitives" href="http://www.butteredham.com/learn-latin/latin/lesson_30" target="_blank">infinitives</a>, so now we can translate, &#8220;to be or not to be.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>Latin Lesson #29: The Passive Voice of the Perfect System</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/09/05/latin-lesson-29-the-passive-voice-of-the-perfect-system/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/09/05/latin-lesson-29-the-passive-voice-of-the-perfect-system/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 05 Sep 2009 20:12:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[future perfect]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[passive voice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[perfect tense]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pluperfect]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aaron.baugher.biz/blog/?p=1355</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve finally finished another Latin Lesson, this one #29, covering the passive voice of the perfect system and the ablative of personal agent.  I&#8217;ll explain the hiatus in another post.  The next one will be on infinitives, which are actually kind of fun&#8212;or easier than the passive, anyway.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve finally finished another Latin Lesson, this one #29, covering the passive voice of the perfect system and the ablative of personal agent.  I&#8217;ll explain the hiatus in another post.  The next one will be on infinitives, which are actually kind of fun&#8212;or easier than the passive, anyway.</p>
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		<title>Latin Lesson #28: The Passive Voice</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/08/18/latin-lesson-28-the-passive-voice/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/08/18/latin-lesson-28-the-passive-voice/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2009 21:28:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aaron.baugher.biz/blog/?p=1336</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve finally gotten the next Latin lesson up.  This one&#8217;s #28, on the passive voice.  It was a pain coming up with 20 good sentences in the passive for exercises, so it took a while.  The next lesson will finish off the passive and add a couple things that go with it.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve finally gotten the next Latin lesson up.  This one&#8217;s #28, on the <a title="Latin Lesson #28: The Passive Voice" href="http://aaron.baugher.biz/learn-latin/latin/lesson_28" target="_blank">passive voice</a>.  It was a pain coming up with 20 good sentences in the passive for exercises, so it took a while.  The next lesson will finish off the passive and add a couple things that go with it.</p>
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		<title>Latin Lesson #27: The Fifth Declension</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/07/31/latin-lesson-27-the-fifth-declension/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/07/31/latin-lesson-27-the-fifth-declension/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 22:11:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[adverbs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fifth declension]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aaron.baugher.biz/blog/?p=1314</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Every time I write that I think of the &#8217;70s band, The Fifth Dimension.  Anyway, the latest Latin lesson is up, on the fifth declension and the formation of adverbs from third declension adjectives.  That means we&#8217;re pretty much done with nouns and adjectives, except for expanding our vocabulary.  So I think the next lesson [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Every time I write that I think of the &#8217;70s band, The Fifth Dimension.  Anyway, the latest Latin lesson is up, on the <a title="Latin Lesson #27: The Fifth Declension" href="http://aaron.baugher.biz/learn-latin/latin/lesson_27" target="_blank">fifth declension</a> and the formation of adverbs from third declension adjectives.  That means we&#8217;re pretty much done with nouns and adjectives, except for expanding our vocabulary.  So I think the next lesson will go back to verbs and dive into the passive voice.  Every time I try to find liturgical passages to use in the lessons, they either use the passive voice or subjunctive mood, which I haven&#8217;t covered yet.  Those are all over the place in prayers, and much more common than they are in English.</p>
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		<title>Latin Lesson #26: The Fourth Conjugation</title>
		<link>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/07/23/latin-lesson-26-the-fourth-conjugation/</link>
		<comments>http://www.butteredham.com/blog/2009/07/23/latin-lesson-26-the-fourth-conjugation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Jul 2009 22:42:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Aaron</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Learn Latin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fourth conjugation]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aaron.baugher.biz/blog/?p=1282</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[New Latin Lesson is up, on the fourth conjugation.  No extras in this one; that&#8217;s enough to absorb.  Next will be the fifth declension, and then we&#8217;ll have covered all those, so we can use any nouns and verbs in the language except a few irregular ones. I&#8217;ve only covered the active and imperative voices [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>New Latin Lesson is up, on the <a title="Latin Lesson #26: The Fourth Conjugation" href="http://aaron.baugher.biz/learn-latin/latin/lesson_26" target="_blank">fourth conjugation</a>.  No extras in this one; that&#8217;s enough to absorb.  Next will be the fifth declension, and then we&#8217;ll have covered all those, so we can use any nouns and verbs in the language except a few irregular ones.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve only covered the active and imperative voices and the indicative moods, though.  That leaves the passive voice and the subjunctive mood, both of which have their own sets of endings, so I&#8217;ve really only covered about a third of the possible combinations.  The passive and subjunctive won&#8217;t take as many lessons, though, now that we&#8217;ve got the active indicative down.</p>
<p>Incidentally, when I was waiting at a bus stop in Chicago, I noticed a plaque on the bus stop that said <em>Urbs In Horto</em>.  That means &#8220;city in a garden,&#8221; but the H in <em>Horto</em> was kind of worn, so at first I thought it was &#8220;Morto.&#8221;  &#8220;Morto&#8221; doesn&#8217;t make sense, because <em>mors</em> is third declension so it would be <em>in Morte</em>, so I figured it out.  But just for a second, I wondered why they had a plaque up that said, &#8220;City in Death.&#8221;</p>
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